Ecology and the Environment
Chapter 1 Lesson 4: Interactions Among Living Things

   Primary succession occurs in an area where neither soil nor organisms exist.
   Pioneer species include mosses and lichens, which break down rock to form soil. 
   Lichens are algae and fungi growing in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship. 
   Secondary succession occus in a community that has been disturbed by natural or human events but where soil and organisms still exist.

   We will study bat adaptations and niches to celebrate Halloween. 

   CHAPTER 1 TEST Tuesday, November 3